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To the Young Men and Young Women 

of America, 

With the Hope that it May Prove the 

Means of Securing Congeniality 

in the Matrimonial 

Relation. 



PRICE, THIRTY CENTS. 



OSBORN, OHIO: 
Shull Brothers, Publishers. 

1888. 









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MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION 



OR, 



PHRENOLOGY, 



APPLIED TO 



Home Life and the Domestic Relation, showing 

What Mental Qualities Harmonize, and 

Who May, and Who May Not 

Unite in Marriage. 



Or 



DOMESTIC PROPENSITIES 




By S. IF\ SHULL. 



osborn, ohio : 
Shull Brothers, Publishers. 

1888. 






Entered according ongress, in the year 1888, by S. P. skull, 

in the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 



f\ / I Kb/mmo //..,*>,, Dayton, 0, 



PREFACE 



THE truth of that system of mental philosophy, known as 
Phrenology, has been incontestably demonstrated by its 
discoverer, Dr. Gall, and his followers, and its principles 
have been applied in many thousands of cases with com- 
plete success. 

At the present day no well-informed, unprejudiced person will 
call in question or deny the claims of the science, and phrenolo- 
gists have now to apply its principles to the practical affairs of 
life, such as choosing an occupation or profession, securing 
properly qualified clerks, apprentices, agents, etc., or selecting 
a matrimonial companion. 

It has been said that the occupation which a man follows does 
much to make or mar his happiness. Admitting the truth of 
this, we shall certainly be permitted to say that harmonious or 
discordant relations between conjugal mates are infinitely more 
powerful for good or evil, happiness or misery. It is true that 
success in business contributes to the enjoyment of home life, 
but it is also true that conjugal harmony has far greater influ- 
ence upon financial prosperity. The man who is dissatisfied 
and unhappy at home will hardly find enterprise enough to suc- 
ceed in business, while he who is happy and contented will 
return to his work each day with fresh hope and renewed vigor. 

The author has given much attention to the subject of matri- 
monial adaptation, and in this work presents to the public the 
result of his study and observation. 

iii 



Vi PREFACE. 

The class of persons most to be benefited by this knowledge 
consists of young men and young women who have reached 
that period of life when the feeling of love is first awakened, 
and new thoughts are entertained regarding the opposite sex. 
It is then, if ever, that the young mind should seek to know its 
own qualities and peculiarities, and what mental constitution is 
most in harmony with its natural expression and pow r er of 
manifestation. 

By giving a brief exposition of the claims and principles of 
Phrenology, and showing what mental qualities harmonize, the 
author hopes to guide the anxious inquirer into the haven of 
matrimonial peace and happiness. 

June 1888. 



PRINCIPLES OF PHRENOLOGY. 




Jt& 



I. BRAIX AXD MIXD. 



p(yS HAT the brain is the physical organ through which Mind 
K>\ manifests itself is susceptible of the plainest proof. In the 
future life Mind may be capable of action independent of such 
J^JJ. an organ, but while here in this mortal state, surrounded 
by material things, and ourselves belonging to the material 
world, it must have a material organ through which it may act, and 
also receive impressions. Nervous filaments extending from the organs 
of sense to the brain convey to that organ the impressions made upon their 
delicate mechanism. These impressions are most frequently made by means 
of vibrations, as in the case of sound, heat, and light, which are trans- 
mitted to the brain. The mind takes cognizance of this disturbance and 
decides upon its nature. If it be favorable, we are pleased ; if unfavorable, 
we are pained. Without such impressions the brain would not be dis- 
turbed, and, consequently, the mind would not be called into action by 
external objects. Dreamless sleep is but the suspension of all brain action. 
This has been proven by observation in cases of severe injury where part 
of the skull was removed and the brain exposed to view. 

Mind acts upon the brain directly and without the instrumentality of 
a nervous system. How it does this is beyond our power to comprehend. 
We know that it is so, and to study its manifestations is as much within 
our power as is the observation and study of other causes. 

The action of the brain affects the nerves also, and, varying with the 
thought or emotion, some muscles are contracted, while others are relaxed. 
This produces the change of countenance and the varied and different 
attitudes expressive of different mental states. Every thought, feeling, and 
sentiment, is accompanied by a certain action of the brain, and every dis- 

5 



6 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

turbance of the brain produces a corresponding mental state. Inflammation 
of the brain or a heavy blow upon the head frequently produces mental 
derangement for a time, and sometimes, in extreme cases, is the cause of 
insanity. 

Mind is thus intimately connected with matter, and, while in this life, 
no mental manifestation is possible, except by the action of the mind upon 
its material organ, the brain ; neither can the mind obtain a knowledge of 
anything in the natural world except through impressions transmitted to 
that organ. 

This being proven, it is evident that every affection of the mind induces 
a corresponding condition of the brain, and that the condition of the brain, in 
a great measure, determines the action of the mind. The strength and 
acuteness of all mental manifestations will then be in proportion to the 
size and quality of the brain. It may be of large size, yet of poor quality, 
and its action will be much weaker than if it were of good quality also ; 
again, it may be of small size, but of fine quality, and its manifestations 
will be more acute and powerful than if its quality were not above the 
average. 

II. PLURALITY OF MENTAL FACULTIES. 

Before the discovery of Phrenology, mental philosophers regarded the 
mind as a unit, a single power, capable of but one action at a time. 

According to this system, then, the brain, as the organ of the mind, 
would be a single organ, and no one part of it might be called into action 
independent of every other part. Acting at all, the entire brain must be 
in action ; any portion being in a condition to produce a given feeling, every 
other portion must be in the same state. Such an arrangement makes it 
impossible to experience more than one sensation at a time. Seeing and 
hearing are decidedly mental operations and performed through the instru- 
mentality of the brain. Now, if the brain were a single organ, we could 
a bird while listening to its song; we would actually become both 
blind and deaf while speaking to a friend; were we to receive a wound, we 
could instantly relieve all pain by turning our attention to something else, 
or l»y simply looking at the wound itself; and while engaged in any process 
soning we could neither see, hear, taste", smell nor feel. All this is 
absurd and Bh0WS the absurdity of any system of mental philosophy, 
which claim- the mind to be a single power. 



PRINCIPLES OF PHRENOLOGY. 7 

But this is not the only proof of the plurality of the mental faculties. 
If the mind were a single power, and the brain a single organ, all minds 
would necessarily be precisely alike in their nature, possess the same quali- 
ties, and act in the same manner, the only difference being that of strength 
and activity which depend on the size and quality of the brain. The great 
diversity of character proves this to be untrue. As a single power, its pos- 
sessor would be equally qualified for all kinds of work, or to occupy any 
position in life. He might become in turn author, poet, artist, scientist, 
editor, and divine, yet would succeed equally well in all these professions. 
The carpenter and stonemason might exchange work with the architect 
without inconvenience to either. Common observation proves the contrary. 
The various talents possessed by different persons cannot be accounted for 
upon the supposition that the mind is a single power, and therefore equally 
capable of all classes of operations. 

Again, if we study the action of the mind as manifested by a little 
child, we find some mental powers much weaker than others. The power 
of reason is as nothing compared with the power of observation ; the sense 
of moral responsibility is much less than that of appetite. As the child 
grows older these weaker faculties increase in power until they are equal to, 
or even greater than the others. If the mind were a single power, all 
these faculties would be manifested alike from birth. Love of sex is not 
perceptible in the actions of a child, but in middle life it becomes a leading 
element in most persons. In old age it declines, though never disappears. 
According to the single power theory, this feeling should be equal to any 
other in infancy as well as in mature life ; and with its decline in old age 
every other faculty should suffer the same loss of power. This is contrary 
to observation and shows the falsity of such a claim. I 

It has been mentioned that dreamless sleep is but the suspension of all 
brain action. Dreaming is an action of the mind in which a single faculty, 
or a combination of faculties, may be active while all others remain unexer- 
cised. Various emotions, as hope and fear, joy and sorrow, love and hatred, 
arise in rapid succession and depart as suddenly as they came. They are 
frequently attended by the most absurd and disconnected conceptions 
imaginable, entirely different from the ordinary action of the mind. If the 
mind were a single power, one part of its organ could not be active while 
another was in a state of repose, but every part would act or repose at the 
same time. If this were true the action of the mind in dreaming would 



8 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

be as harmonious as when every part of the brain is in a fully awakened 
state. 

Those who are known as idiots frequently possess remarkable talent in a 
particular direction, insomuch that if they were never required to manifest 
any other faculty we would not suspect a deficiency of brain power. If the 
brain were a single organ, this deficiency would weaken every manifesta- 
tion of the mind, and those who are incapable of a process of reasoning 
would have no greater power of observation. 

In cases of partial insanity, or monomania, the person is perfectly sane 
except in his views upon a certain subject. His mental manifestations are 
perfect and harmonious except in that direction. Mental derangement can 
be produced only by disease or injury of the brain, and if it were a single 
organ every manifestation would be affected in a like manner. But this is 
not true and therefore the brain must consist of a number of organs, each 
performing its proper functipn, and that alone, and each liable to disease or 
injury through which its manifestation is impaired. 

Another proof of the plurality of mental faculties is found in the fact 
that a change of study affords rest to an already fatigued brain. When 
wearied by a long course of reasoning, or close and continued application 
to any study, the mind seems to become invigorated by the perusal of a 
book, or the observation of a class of objects requiring a different set of 
faculties. If the brain were a single organ every part of it would become 
fatigued, and further study or observation would only increase its exhaus- 
tion. Further action would be impossible until rest had been obtained 
by absolute inactivity. 

III. PLURALITY OF ORGANS IN THE BRAIN. 

To prove the plurality of mental faculties is to prove a plurality of 
organs in the brain. The same arguments, and especially those founded 
upon partial idiocy, partial insanity, and brain fatigue, are equally conclu- 
sive upon this point also. 

IV. SIZE THE MEASURE OF POWER. 

Jt has been shown that size of brain as a whole, is a measure of the 
mind's manifestations. Quality of brain tissue is another element which 
should be taken into consideration ; this being the same, size is the measure 
of power. Then, if one organ of the brain be large, the faculty belonging 



PRINCIPLES OF PHRENOLOGY. \) 

to it will be strikingly manifested ; if another be small, its faculty will have 
but little influence in the operations of the mind ; and in every case the 
manifestation of a faculty is in direct proportion to the size of its organ in 
the brain. 

Now, if we may ascertain the size of each organ, it becomes possible to 
delineate the character of any person by this means alone. The bones of 
the skull are comparatively thin plates, covering and protecting the brain 
and taking their shape from that organ. If a certain part of the skull ap- 
pear elevated above the surrounding parts, that part of the brain will be 
found correspondingly large; if part of the skull be depressed, that portion 
of the brain will be proportionately small. Elevations and depressions are 
not to be sought, however, in determining the comparative size of the vari- 
ous organs. The distance from the medulla oblongata to the surface of the 
brain at any point is the true measure of the size of the organ occupying 
that position. 

The medulla oblongata lies at the center of the base of the brain, nearly 
on a line joining the openings of the ears, and may be considered as the 
first portion of the spinal cord where it leaves the brain. If a head be wide 
between the ears, the organs situated in the side of the head will be large; 
if the greater part of the brain is forward of the ears, these organs are 
larger than those situated posteriorly; and, in general, a great distance of 
any organ from the center of the brain indicates a large development of 
that organ and a corresponding manifestation of the faculty of which it is 
the instrument. 

Thus the configuration of the skull, and the comparative size of its dif- 
ferent parts, become the index of character. 

Y. PHRENOLOGY. 

Phrenology, as a science, is the study of the nature of the various 
mental faculties, their proper and improper exercise, and their influence 
upon the manifestations of other faculties. It also embraces the study of 
the social and moral duties of man as revealed by his mental constitution. 
As an art, Phrenology consists in the delineation of character as determined 
by the size and shape of the brain, subject to modification by certain phys- 
iological conditions, among which are Temperament, Organic Quality, and 
Health. 



PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS, 



1,-10 Vfrjt* I- PHYSICAL DIFFERENCES. 

LTF we turn our attention to man as a mere animal, observe his 
general appearance, and compare him with others of his species, 
ll[«>w* we find much that is common to all individuals of the race, 
"(v.-^ This, however, is but a family likeness, and if we enter into the 
study of his minor characteristics, such as height, weight, general build or 
form, complexion, and color of eyes and hair, we immediately discover re- 
markable differences. One is tall, having prominent features; another 
short and plump, with a rounded profile; another small and slender, show- 
ing finer outlines. One has a blooming, florid complexion; delicate pink 
and white are blended on the cheek of another; while a third is dark, 
swarthy, sometimes olive or tawny. The piercing black eyes of one are in 
striking contrast with the deep blue or light gray of another; and between 
-xtremes we find the various shades of brown and hazel. One has 
dark, coarse hair; another, light and fine. 

We also find that the manner and degree of activity is not the same in 
all persons. One is slow and powerful; another is active, but characterized 
by weakness; another is dull and sluggish; while another is the very per- 
sonification of restlessness. Different persons possess different mental 
tendencies and predispositions, as well as physical peculiarities arising from 
the inharmonious development of the various organs of the body. 

II. TEMPEB VMENT. 

Studying tin- Btructure of the human body, we find it composed of a 
large Dumber of organs, each performing its proper function, and all work- 
s' in the most perfect harmony. Comparing these organs, one 
10 



PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS. 11 

with another, and classifying them according to their part in the animal 
economy, we find three classes or systems as follows: 

The Motive or Mechanical System ; 

The Vital or Nutritive System ; and 

The Mental or Nervous System. 

The first consists of the bony framework or skeleton, the ligaments 
by which the bones are firmly held together at the joints, and the mus- 
cles which, by their contraction, produce every motion of the body; the 
whole forming a complicated apparatus capable of performing an almost 
infinite variety of movements. 

The second includes the lungs, heart, arteries and veins concerned in 
the purification and circulation of the blood, and the stomach, intestines, 
lymphatics, and glands performing the operations of digestion, growth and 
repair, and the elimination of waste matter or worn out tissue. 

The third comprises the cerebrum or brain proper, it being the princi- 
pal organ of the mind; the cerebellum or "little brain," which is 
intimately related to the phenomena of physical existence and the perpetua- 
tion of the race; the spinal cord extending from the base of the brain to 
the lower extremity of the vertebral column, and sending off nerves which 
divide and sub-divide until every part of the body is brought into direct 
connection with the brain ; and numerous ganglia or small masses of gray 
nervous matter situated in various parts of the body and sending nerves to 
the muscles of involuntary motion. This system is the medium through 
which the mind acts upon the body, or acquires a knowledge of the exter- 
nal world. 

These three systems are present in every individual, but in such vary- 
ing proportions that we rarely find two persons alike. The particular state 
of constitution resulting from their different combinations has received the 
name of Temperament, and it is evident that there may be almost as many 
Temperaments as individuals. 

Reducing these peculiarities to their simplest elements we find three 
distinct Temperaments as follows: 

The Motive Temperament, depending upon the predominance of the 
osseous and muscular systems; the Vital Temperament, characterized by 
great activity of those organs performing the functions of respiration, cir- 
culation, digestion, and secretion; and the Mental Temperament in which 
the nervous system is in the ascendency. 



12 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 



III. MOTIVE TEMPERAMENT. 



In this Temperament the bones are large, being long rather than broad, 
and having enlarged and prominent joints. The muscles are of moderate 
size, but hard, dense, and wiry, possessing great strength and endurance. 

In accordance with this development of the osseous and muscular sys- 
tems, persons of the Motive Temperament are usually above the average 
height, having broad shoulders, long and slightly tapering limbs, and a 
manifest tendency to angularity in general outline, which a marked defi- 
ciency of the vital system greatly increases. As the chest and abdomen 
belong to this system, they are commonly of but moderate size in the 
Motive Temperament. 

The outlines of the face are in harmony with those of the body ; pre- 
senting sharp angles and abrupt curves when viewed in profile, and appearing 
oblong in a full front view. High cheek bones, a large jaw, and strong 
teeth, add to the general ruggedness of feature, and the expression of the 
face is that of earnestness and determination. 

The hands are long and bony, with large joints, and are well adapted to 
perform the work for which their possessor is best fitted. 

Such persons are generally distinguished for their energy and force of 
character, their industry and executive ability, and their persistence in any 
adopted course. Everywhere they are leaders rather than followers, but 
are better adapted to execute the plans of others than to plan for them- 
selves. They are ambitious, proud, and love to be in authority, but when 
not under proper moral restraint, frequently become arrogant and domi- 
neering. 

There are two types of the Motive Temperament, the dark and the light. 
In the former the complexion is dark, the eyes black or brown, and the hair 
generally coarse, strong, and of a dark color, either dark brown or jet 
black In the latter the complexion is florid, the eyes may be hazel, blue, 
or gray, and the hair light colored, frequently red or sandy. Physically 
and mentally the two types are nearly the same, but the dark type possesses 
greater powers of endurance than the light. 

When low organic quality is found in connection with this Tempera- 
ment there is a coarseness of feeling, and a lack of refinement that is repul- 
sive to Lbe liner feelings and sentiments of mankind. 

The Motive Temperament is particularly a masculine one, but is found 
in woman also, though much less frequently. In this case the physical 



PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS. 13 

characteristics are somewhat modified and the outlines become less angular, 
giving greater delicacy to the clear and well defined lines of the profile, and 
a more pleasing oval form to the face as seen in full front view. The men- 
tal traits of the Temperament, however, are as strongly marked in her 
character as in the character of man. 

IV. VITAL TEMPERAMENT. 

This Temperament depends upon the large size and great activity of 
those organs performing the functions of digestion, respiration, and circu- 
lation. As they are situated in the cavities of the trunk, the body is 
remarkable for breadth and thickness rather than for length, although per- 
sons of the Vital Temperament are commonly above medium in stature. 

A broad, deep chest, well developed abdomen, plump and tapering limbs, 
and relatively small hands and feet, are the distinguishing marks of a pre- 
dominant Vital element. As in the Motive Temperament, the shoulders 
are broad, but owe their breadth to expansion of the chest rather than to 
great length of clavicle. 

The outlines of the head and face, like those of the body, are character- 
ized by roundness, and present a nearly circular form in a full front view, 
while the profile is no less remarkable for its graceful curves. The plump, 
rosy cheeks, rounded chin, and full, red lips, are in harmony with the other 
parts of the body, and the expression of the countenance is that of frank- 
ness, amiability, and good-natured mirthfulness. 

Persons of this Temperament are active, energetic, and diligent in their 
undertakings, but being fond of variety and change of occupation, will fre- 
quently fall short of their expectations through a want of persistent effort. 
Mentally, as well as physically, they are characterized by rapidity of action, 
being quick in their perceptions, ready in their deductions, and exhibiting 
great facility and versatility, in their mental operations. They are ardent, 
enthusiastic, and emotional, acting from impulse rather than judgment; 
sometimes passionate, but easily calmed. Possessing a lively imagination, 
they love the beautiful and showy rather than the plain and substantial, 
and prefer gay, jovial society. Fond of good living, they are apt to fall 
into excesses in eating and drinking ; and with their strong social affections, 
high moral sentiments are necessary to keep them from falling into ways of 
vicious indulgence. With all their faults, they are generally cheerful, 
amiable, sympathetic, good-natured, and benevolent, leading happy and 
useful lives. 



14 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

In the Vital Temperament, a3 in the Motive, there are two varieties, the 
light and the dark. A rosy complexion, blue eyes, and flaxen, light brown, 
or auburn hair of a fine texture, characterize the first; while in the second 
the complexion is dark, the eyes dark brown or black, though sometimes 
hazel or gray, and the hair black or one of the darker shades of brown. 
The dark type possesses greater toughness and endurance than the light, but 
the latter is more active and sprightly than the former. 

Woman owes much of her beauty to an influential development of the 
Vital Temperament. Her symmetrical form, round shoulders, full bust, 
ample waist, tapering limbs, and small hands and feet, are derived from 
this Temperament; while her fair cheeks, sparkling blue eyes, and golden 
hair, are no less an expression of its influence. In the dark variety the 
complexion is olive or brunette, the eyes and hair dark brown or black, and 
there is greater density of fiber with less firmness and delicacy. 

Among women the Vital Temperament is the prevailing one, and it is 
certainly the most proper, as it gives pelvic breadth and depth and furnishes 
the vitality so necessary to them in their maternal capacity. 

V. MENTAL TEMPERAMENT. 

The brain and nervous system being predominant in this Temperament, 
and in direct opposition to the full development of the Motive Tempera- 
ment, the bones are comparatively short and slender and the muscles small. 
The cerebrumh largely developed in the frontal and coronal regions, while 
the lower and posterior portions are commonly less than average. The 
cerebellum, devoted to physical existence, is usually small, and the vital 
organs depending upon it and its allies, the ganglia of the nervous system, 
are therefore smaller than in either of the other Temperaments, and espec- 
ially are they less voluminous than in the Vital Temperament. 

As a result of this state of development the frame is slight, the stature 
generally below medium, and the head large in proportion to the body. 
The high, broad forehead, expanded at the top, gives to the face an oval or 
pyriform shape. Seen in profile the outlines appear less rounded than 
those of the Vital form, while its angles are not so sharp, and its curves not 
so abrupt as in the Motive. The skin is delicate and transparent, paler on 
the forehead than on the cheek; the eyes are gray or hazel, sparkling and 
expressive; and the hair is light colored, fine in texture, and not very 
Abundant. 



PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS. 



15 



Persons of this Temperament do not possess the beauty of symmetry 
and physical proportion belonging to the Vital Temperament, nor are they 
capable of assuming the striking attitudes and powerful expressions of the 
Motive, but there is a fineness and delicacy, and an air of refinement and 
spirituality not found in either. 

The small and compact muscles indicate rapidity of action rather than 
power, and, in harmony with the physical activity, the mental operations 
are characterized by quickness and intensity. The thoughts are quicker, the 
senses more acute, the conceptions more vivid, and the imaginations more 
extravagant than in the other Temperaments; while there is greater suscepti- 
bility to external influences, united with greater delicacy and refinement 
of feeling. 

A ready perception and love of 
the beautiful in nature and art, 
an intuitive sense of propriety 
in manners and address, lofty 
aspirations, and a striviug after 
an idealistic perfection, are 
characteristic of a predominant 
Mental Temperament. With 
the strong moral sentiments 
commonly found in connection 
with this Temperament, its pos- 
sessors are rarely found among 

PROFILES OF THE TEMPERAMENTS. J ° 

i. mental; 2. vital; 3. motive. the criminals and drunkards 

that fill our penitentiaries and road-side gutters. 

Women of the Mental Temperament are frequently very beautiful, but 
they lack the plumpness and symmetrical proportion of the full, soft, 
voluptuous Vital form. The chest and mammaries are not well developed, 
and the pelvis is comparatively narrow and contracted. They are therefore 
not so well qualified for wifehood and maternity as those of other Tempera- 
ments. 




VI. BALANCED OR HARMONIOUS TEMPERAMENT. 

There is an ideal of perfection in the matter of Temperament in which 
the Motive, Vital, and Mental systems are equally and harmoniously de- 
veloped. Perhaps no person has yet received this Temperament by inheri- 
tance, or attained it by the most assiduous physical and mental culture 



16 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

yet we occasionally find an individual so closely approaching this ideal con- 
dition, that it is difficult to determine which system is most influential. 
Such persons are said to have a Balanced or Harmonious Temperament. 

As each Temperament has its physical characteristics, and as the influ- 
ence of one Temperament is in many particulars opposed to the full 
development of another, we should not expect to find any strongly marked 
peculiarities in the physical or mental constitution of persons having a 
balance of temperamental conditions. 

A medium stature, symmetrical figure, well developed body, and regular 
features mark this Temperament. The complexion is usually medium, 
being neither light nor dark; the eyes gray, hazel, or brown, and the hair 
dark brown. 

The mental constitution is no less harmonious than the physical. The 
sprightliness, impulsiveness, ardor and enthusiasm of the Vital Tempera- 
ment is modified by the calm deliberation, cool Judgment, and sober 
calculation of the Motive, and elevated above the coarse and vulgar, 
through the influence of a strong Mental development. To the greater 
intellectual power of the Mental is added the vigorous action of the Vital 
and the persistent application of the Motive. Sentimentally, persons of 
this Temperament possess the refinement and delicacy of the first, the 
warmth and vivacity of the second, and the steadfastness and force of the 
third. They are well qualified to fill any position in life, and are generally 
useful and respected members of society. 

VII. COMPOUND TEMPERAMENTS. 

Excluding the ideal condition which we have referred to as the Balanced 
or Harmonious Temperament, there are primarily but three Temperaments, 
each depending upon the preponderance of one of the three classes or sys- 
tems of organs composing the body. We have treated of these systems as 
in excess, or where one greatly predominates over the other two. Com- 
monly, however, two of the systems are strongly developed, and nearly 
equal in influence, while the third is comparatively weak. 

In practice it is convenient to consider this temperamental constitution 
as a Compound Temperament, and to give it a name in accordance with the 
relative influence of the two systems thus strongly developed. For in- 
stance, the term Mental- Vital is applied to that temperamental condition in 
which the Mental and Vital systems are well developed, but with the 
.Mental still more influential than the Vital. 



PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS. 17 

There are six of these Compound Temperaments, as follows : 

The Motive- Vital ; 

The Motive-Mental ; 

The Vital- Motive ; 

The Vital-Mental ; 

The Mental-Motive ; and 

The Mental- Vital. 

The Motive- Vital and the Vital-Motive differ from each other but little, 
the Motive being the stronger in the first, while in the second the Vital is 
predominant. The Motive-Mental and the Mental-Motive are also nearly 
allied, as are the Vital-Mental and Mental- Vital. 

Each of these Compound Temperaments has its peculiar physical and 
mental characteristics, but they are mere combinations of the character- 
istics belonging to the primary Temperaments, taking from each in propor- 
tion to the development of its particular system of organs. 

VIII. MOTIVE-VITAL TEMPERAMENT. 

This combination is marked by great physical strength and endurance, 
and for mere organic power i3 more desirable than any other. The bones 
and muscles are large and strong, the joints prominent, and the shoulders 
broad. There is an abundance of vitality, as evinced by the full chest and 
well developed abdomen. The Motive element supplies firmness and gives 
stability to the character, while the Vital gives greater activity. 

With this Temperament there is little taste for literature and art, scien- 
tific investigation, or for study of any kind. Such persons commonly have 
good practical talent, are best fitted for manual labor, and will be most 
successful in those occupations which require physical energy and activity. 

IX. MOTIVE-MENTAL TEMPERAMENT. 

In the Motive-Mental Temperament the frame is lighter, and the figure 
more slender than in the Motive-Vital. The muscles are smaller, but 
dense, wiry, and capable of powerful and vigorous action. The features 
are prominent, but never coarse-looking. There is greater intellectual 
power and more of the refining influence of the Mental element in this 
combination than in that of the Motive and Vital. 

Persons of this temperamental constitution are active, energetic, and 
ambitious, desire to lead in whatever they undertake, and fully appreciate 



18 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

success. Being careful and accurate observers, and bold, original thinkers, 
they are well fitted for those positions in life which require both mental 
and physical energy. 

X. VITAL-MOTIVE TEMPERAMENT. 

This combination is characterized by a body broad in proportion to its 
height. The frame is rather large, the shoulders broad, and the limbs 
large-boned, having strong joints. The muscles are large, and the nutritive 
system is well developed. Accordingly we find the chest full, the abdomen 
rounded, and the whole form characterized by fullness and rotundity, as in 
the Vital Temperament. The strong Motive element in combination with 
this gives prominence to the features and a somewhat harsh expression to 
the countenance. The hair is generally coarse, the complexion florid, and 
the whole organization seems best adapted to the ordinary and common- 
place in life. The talent is of the practical kind, manifested in business or 
manual labor. There is an aversion to confinement or restraint, a love for 
active, out-door exercises, and almost unlimited capacity for hard work. 

Men tally, there is a good degree of vivacity, and a tendency to act from 
impulse rather than judgment. Strong and active propensities, without 
the restraining and refining influence of the Mental element, render such 
persons liable to fall into dissipation and intemperance. 

XL VITAL-MENTAL TEMPERAMENT. 

In the Vital-Mental Temperament the figure is plump and well rounded. 
The face is usually rather large, but the features are handsome and ex- 
pressive of a good degree of refinement. The predominant Vital element' 
gives a fair and rosy complexion, blue eyes, and light-brown, flaxen or 
auburn hair, to persons possessing this combination. Among women this 
Temperament is frequently met with and it imparts to them that ardency 
of affection, sympathetic kindness, amiability, and sprightliness, so desirable 
in the female sex. 

As in the Vital-Motive, strong propensities require the restraining in- 
fluence of the moral sentiments. There is a love of ease and pleasurable 
excitement, and a tendency to activity of brain rather than of body, but 
men of this temperamental constitution prefer some active out-door em 
ployment. 



PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS. 19 

Xn. MENTAL-MOTIVE TEMPERAMENT. 

With this combination the figure is tall and usually somewhat angular 
in outline. The features are prominent, but marked by the finer lines of 
the predominant Mental element; the eyes are brown, hazel, or gray ; the 
hair one of the lighter shades of brown. The expression of the counte- 
nance is grave, sober, and earnest, and there is a native dignity and firmness 
in the attitudes assumed. 

Persons of this Temperament are noted for their intellectual power and 
capability, and are adapted to pursuits requiring protracted study and 
thorough investigation. They prefer literary or scientific work, and if they 
enter into business it is generally of a professional nature. 

XIII. MENTAL-VITAL TEMPERAMENT. 

Persons having this temperamental constitution are generally not above 
medium in stature. The body and limbs are well proportioned; the face 
moderately full; the features not very prominent, but well-defined and 
often handsome. Gray or blue eyes, light-brown or auburn hair, and a 
delicate complexion add to the general air of lightness and personal grace. 

A love of the beautiful in nature and art, combined with versatility of 
talent, creates an inclination to the more artistic vocations. The predomi- 
nant Mental element gives great activity and power of mind, sensitiveness, 
refinement of feeling, and high moral and religious sentiments; the influen- 
tial Vital contributes its ardor, enthusiasm, amiability, benevolence, general 
good nature, and strong social and domestic feeling; while the compara- 
tively undeveloped Motive deprives the character of the energy, persistence, 
and determination belonging to those in whom it is well developed. Mental 
and moral excellence, with personal beauty and perfection, renders this 
organization a very favorable one, especially to the fair sex. 

XIV. ORGANIC QUALITY. 

It has been mentioned that, other things being equal, size is the measure 
of power. Among the most important of those qualifying conditions is 
organic quality, or the degree of fineness of texture characterizing' the 
tissues of the body. In a state of perfect health, every organ of the body 
is of the same quality. Bones, muscles, glands, nerves, and brain are alike, 
and if one class of organs exhibit a coarseness of texture all others will be 
equally coarse-grained. The delicate tissues of the brain, in harmony with 



20 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

those of the body, are rather coarse, and the manifestations of the mind are 
more sluggish and weak, more gross and common-place than when high 
organic quality is present. 

With fineness of quality there is sensitiveness and susceptibility, 
ideality and taste, tenderness and sympathy. Both mental and physical 
manifestations are characterized by quickness. The muscles are compara- 
tively small, but dense and firm, and the whole organization bears the 
stamp of delicacy and refinement. 

Large muscles may be of such low quality that their power is less than 
that of smaller muscles of finer quality. A large brain may be of such 
coarse texture that the mental manifestations are less acute and powerful 
than those of a smaller brain of more compact and delicate structure. 
But however fine the quality may be, a small brain is lacking in power and 
depth of thought. The greatest physical and mental power is found in the 
union of high organic quality with large size. 

XV. HEALTH. 

Whatever may be the organic quality of an individual, he may be in a 
state of health or disease. We have elsewhere shown that all bodily states 
affect the mind, and from this it is evident that a weak and sickly body 
weakens the power of the brain. 

The exercise of every faculty of the mind is promoted by health and 
lessened or perverted by disease. Health is therefore an important con- 
sideration in the estimation of mental power and capability, and should not 
be overlooked in the choice of a matrimonial companion. 




ORGANS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS. 




^CsV I, CLASSES OF ORGANS. 

■E plurality of the mental faculties has already been proven, 
and it has also been shown that each faculty has a certain 
portion of the brain as its material organ through which it may 
manifest itself. The location of no less than forty-two of these 
organs has been discovered by careful observation of the 
cranial development accompanying known and strongly marked mental 
characteristics, and comparing these developments with those found in con- 
nection with a marked deficiency of the same traits of mind. 

Studying the functions of these organs, we see at once how beautifully 
they have been arranged by the Creator. Organs closely related to each 
other in function are grouped together, and the position of the various 
groups is in accordance with their part in the manifestation of life. That 
class of organs which is most related to physical existence, is situated in 
the base and back part of the brain, nearest the body. That which sup- 
plies perceptive and intellectual power is in front. A third class whose 
function is the manifestation of moral and spiritual feeling, occupies the 
upper part, its superior position apparently indicating what faculties should 
govern and control the actions of mankind. 

These three classes of organs have been named as follows : 

1. The Propensities; 

2. The Intellectual Faculties, and 

3. The Moral Sentiments. 

II. SUB-DI VISION INTO GROUPS. 

By a more critical analysis and comparison of the functions performed 
by the different faculties composing each of these classes, we find them to 
consist of smaller groups, the members of which are still more closely 

21 



22 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

allied to each other in action. This method of classification gives us the 
following arrangement: 

1. Domestic Propensities ; 

2. Selfish Propensities; 

3. Selfish Sentiments ; 

4. Moral Sentiments; 

5. Semi-Intellectual Sentiments; 

6. Perceptive Faculties ; 

7. Semi-Perceptive or Literary Faculties, and 

8. Eeasoning or Reflective Faculties. 

Each of these groups is made up of from two to eight single organs, 
each manifesting a single faculty of the mind. As the character of each 
group will appear from a definition of the faculties composing it, nothing 
further will be said concerning their classifications or their functions. 

Phrenologists have assigned numbers, as well as names, to the organs, 
and as these numbers correspond with those upon the diagram, their loca- 
tion is readily determined by simple inspection. Some practice will be 
necessary, however, before the student can accurately locate the organs 
upon the head of a living subject. 




LOCATION OF ORGANS. 



23 



m 



m 




DIAGRAM SHOWING LOCATION OF ORGANS. 



» 



m 



DEFINITION OF THE MENTAL FAC- 
ULTIES. 



I. DOMESTIC PROPENSITIES. 

1. Amativeness. — The manifestation of sexual feeling, or physical love. 
It renders the opposite sex attractive, gives the desire to love and be loved, 
and predisposes to marriage. 

A. Conjugality. — The disposition to love but one of the opposite sex, 
and to form a permanent union with that one. 

2. Philoprogenittveness. — Love of offspring, and of children in gen- 
eral. It also gives a fondness for pets and the young of animals, and shows 
a tender feeling for the aged, infirm, and helpless. 

3. Adhesiveness. — Attachment and devotion to individuals regardless 
of sex, and a desire to be in their society. 

4. Inhabitiveness. — Love of home and country, attachment to birth- 
place and associations of childhood, and a desire to have a permanent place 
of abode. 

5. Continuity. — Concentration and continuation of thought and feeling. 
It gives connectedness and completeness to the action of the other faculties. 
This faculty does not properly belong to any group, but phrenological works 
usually describe it in connection with the Domestic Propensities. 

II. SELFISH PROPE>SITlES. 

E. Vitativkness. — Desire of life and a love of existence apart from the 
benefits to be derived therefrom. It gives a resistance to disease, and a dread 
of annihilation. 

6. Combativbness. — Courage and bravery, resistance to aggression, and 
defense of preconceived rights and opinions. It gives energy and force of 
Character, Love of opposition and contention, and the disposition to assail. 

7. DB8TBUOTTVENESS. — Executive ability, power of action, fortitude, 
and severity of manner. It gives promptness and decision to the operations 
of the mind. 

s . A u \ii.\ tiyknkss. — Appetite, desire for food. Hunger and thirst 
result from the action of this faculty. The forward portion of the organ, as 

24 



DEFINITION OF THE MENTAL FACULTIES. 25 

V 

marked on the diagram, is supposed to give a fondness for liquids, and the 
desire to drink or to take liquid nourishment. Its action creates the sensa- 
tion of thirst. 

9. Acquisitiveness. — Desire of property, disposition to accumulate 
wealth, and to make due provision for the possible wants of the future. 

10. Secretiveness. — Tendency to conceal, or to restrain the expression 
of thoughts and emotions. Tact and policy belong to its action. 

III. SELFISH sentiments. 

11. Cautiousness. — Fear, caution, watchfulness, prudence, care, and 
provision against all possible danger. Timidity and irresolution are but the 
excessive manifestation of this faculty. 

12. Approbativeness. — Love of the praise and admiration of others. It 
gives' a regard for character and reputation, and a desire to please and to 
become popular, and to that end it cultivates politeness and affability. 

13. Self-Esteem. — Dignity and self-respect. It gives an aspiring, self-re- 
liant, independent disposition, and gives a pride of character thatscorns every 
low, mean action. 

14. Firmness. — Steadfastness, determination, and perseverance, stabil- 
ity of character, and tenacity of purpose. 

IV. MORAL SENTIMENTS. 

15. Conscientiousness. — Perception and love of justice, and the desire 
to do right, it gives moral integrity, and a disposition to strive for purity 
and perfection of character. 

16. Hope. — Expectation of future good. It gives buoyancy and cheer- 
fulness to the disposition, and furnishes the enterprise necessary to success 
in business. 

17. Spirituality. — Intuitive perception of truth and right, faith in the 
unknowable, belief in a future life, and trust in the ' 'ways of Providence.' ' 

18. Veneration. — Reverence, especially for the sacred and religious. It 
gives the disposition to pray and to perform other acts expressing adoration 
of the Creator. Respect for the aged, regard for long-continued customs, and 
the observance of rites and ceremonies also arise from its action and influence. 

19. Benevolence. — Charity, kindness, and the desire to do good and to 
make others happy. Tenderness, sympathy, generosity, liberality of senti- 
ment, and a feeling of good will toward all mankind belong to it. 

v. semi-intellectual sentiments. 

20. Constructiveness. — The faculty which gives mechanical talent and 
ingenuity, and the disposition to use tools. 

21. Ideality. — Perception and love of the beautiful and perfect. It 
refines the feelings, and gives a sense of propriety in manner and address, 
and appreciation of poetry and art. 



26 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

B. Sublimity. — Perception and love of the grand and sublime in nature 
or art. It takes pleasure in beholding the exhibition of irresistible force, 
moral grandeur, and the noble and magnanimous in the actions of mankind. 

22. Imitation. — Disposition and ability to copy, to imitate manners, 
actions, and tones of the voice, and to draw or construct after a pattern or 
model. It is an important adaptive faculty, enabling us to adapt ourselves 
to the society into which we may be thrown. 

23. Mirthfulness. — Perception and appreciation of the absurd and 
ridiculous, the witty and the humorous, the droll and comical. It gives a 
mirthful, fun-loving disposition, and a fondness for jokes, puns, absurd sto- 
ries, laughable incidents, etc. 

C. Human Nature. — Perception and intuitive knowledge of the char- 
acter and motives, the mental and physiological conditions of fellow-men. It 
gives the power of reading character at first sight and impresses us favorably 
or unfavorably before the other faculties have come to a conclusion through 
a process of reasoning. 

D. Agreeableness. — Disposition and ability to act and speak in a 
pleasing, agreeable manner. It gives power of persuasion and conciliation. 

VI. perceptive faculties. 

24. Individuality. — Curiosity, the disposition to examine objects. 
Although of itself it does not ascertain the nature and use of an object, but 
regards it merely as an existence, it is the first faculty to act in the acquisi- 
tion of such knowledge. {See I Diagram). 

25. Form. — Perception and memory of form, or the outlines and contours 
of objects. (F) 

26. Size. — Perception and memory of magnitudes and distances. (S) 

27. Weight. — Perception of the laws of gravity and motion. It also 
adapts man to these laws and enables him to apply them to bis advan- 
tage. ( W) 

28. Color. —Perception of color, the ability to distinguish the different 
shades, hues, and tints, and the recognition of harmonious or discordant 
relatious between them. (C) 

29. Order. — Perception and appreciation of method and arrangement, 
and the disposition to systematize and classify. ( 0) 

30. Calculation. — Perception and memory of number, and the ability 
to perform numerical operations. ( C, outer angle of eye.) 

31. Locality. — Perception of the relative position of objects, and recol- 
lection of places. It gives a love of travel. (L, above W). 

VII. semi-perceptive or literary faculties. 

82. Eventuality.— Memory of events and occurrences, recollection of 
facta and circumstances, and the acquisition of practical knowledge. (E.) 

88. TlM b. — Consciousness of the lapse of time, and memory of dates. It 
tells the time Of day, and gives correct measure in music. 



DEFINITION OF THE MENTAL FACULTIES. 27 

34. Tune. — Perception and love of musical tones, their melodious suc- 
cession, and their harmonious combination. 

35. Language. — Verbal expression and memory; power of communi- 
cating thoughts and ideas by means of words. (L.) 

VIII. REASONING OR REFLECTIVE FACULTIES. 

36. Causality. — Abstract thought, comprehension of principles, and 
ability to discover cause and effect. It gives the power to reason from facts 
or observed phenomena, and to come to a correct conclusion concerning 
them. 

37. Comparison. — Perception of similarity and dissimilarity, disposition 
and ability to compare, analyze, and criticise, and to illustrate by instituting 
a comparison. 

Note. — In general practice phrenologists, having ascertained the compara- 
tive size of these organs, mark thesame upon a chart orin a book prepared for 
that purpose, using a scale of from 1 to 7. These seven numerals represent 
the terms, very small, small, moderate, average, full, large, and very large. 
Where these terms are used in this work they are printed in italics when 
they refer to the size of an organ as marked on the chart ; when not italicized 
the size is referred to in an indefinite or general manner. 

The circumference of the head marked 1, or very small, is less than 19 
inches ; 2 or small, 19 to 19% ; 3 or moderate, 20 to 20% ; 4 or average, 21 to 
21 %; 5 or fidl, 22 to 22%; 6 or large, 23 to 23% ; 7 or very large, 24 inches 
and over. 

To ascertain these measurements, pass the tape horizontally around the head 
just above the ears, over individuality in front and Philoprogenitiveness at 
the back. But owing to the fact that some heads are long and narrow, while 
others are short and broad, the measurements vary somewhat in their indi- 
cation of the quantity of brain. From a phrenological bust in our possession 
we take the following measurements for a 22-inch head : 7 inches for major 
axis, or distance from front to back ; 5% inches for minor axis, or breadth of 
head just above the ears. Other measurements, found by passing the tape 
over the head from opening of ear on one side to opening of ear on the other, 
are as follows for the same size of head: Over Individuality, 11 inches; 
Causality, 12; Veneration, 13%; Firmness, 14; Philoprogenitiveness, 10%. 
These measurements for any other size of head may be found by simple pro- 
portion. In accordance with the smaller size of their bodies, the heads of 
females average % inch less in circumference than those of males. 



MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 




ATRIMOXIAL adaptation may be defined as the 
state of being fitted by Nature to enjoy the mar- 
riage relation with one of the opposite sex having 
certain mental and physical qualities. Persons 
who are thus adapted to each other will live together in perfect 
harmony and realize that idealistic condition in which the twain 
become as one flesh. 

Wise men of all ages have extolled happy wedlock as con- 
ducive to virtue, and decried matrimonial misalliance as the 
prolific source of dissipation, vice and crime ; writers have 
pictured the pleasures of domestic life resulting from the union 
of kindred hearts ; poets have ever sung the celestial bliss and 
harmony of 

" Two souls with but a single thought, 
Two hearts that beat as one." 

But all have seemed to think this desirable condition the 
result of chance, and that marriage is a lottery in which there is 
a large number of " blanks" and but few prizes. Their time has 
been given to observation, or to fanciful speculation, while a 
study of the elements of harmony was neglected. The time is 
coining, however, and we may hope that it is not far distant, 
when a knowledge of the mental qualities and their harmonies 
shall be applied to the selection of a life companion. In that 
Golden Age of self-knowledge, matrimonial discord shall be 
unknown, and the offspring of harmony give to the world a 

2 



MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 29 

better race of mankind. "Then comes the statelier Eden back to 
men." 

Perhaps the most beautiful description of this perfection and 
adaptation is found in the following lines by Lord Tennyson : 

For woman is not undevelopt man, 

But diverse: could we make her as the man, 

Sweet love were slain: his dearest bond is this, 

Not like to like, but like in difference. 

Yet in the long years liker must they grow; 

The man be more ot woman; she of man; 

He gain in sweetness and in moral height, 

Nor lose the wrestling thews that throw the world ; 

She mental breadth, nor fail in childward care, 

Nor lose the childlike in the larger mind; 

Till at the last she set herself to man, 

Like perfect music unto noble words; 

And so these twain, upon the skirts of Time, 

Sit side by side, full-summ'd in all their powers, 

Dispensing harvest, sowing the To-be, 

Splf- reverent each and reverencing each, 

Distinct in individualities, 

But like each other e'en as those who love. 

Then comes the statelier Eden back to men: 

Then reign the world's great bridals, chaste and calm; 

Then springs the crowning race of humankind. 




ADAPTATIONS OF THE FACULTIES 




I. AMATIVENESS. 

^UR idea of love is based entirely upon the amount and 
kind of love that we ourselves are capable of feeling. 
/^W/pk So far as we can know, that love is perfect; for, 
v JS^i<' if we could know that there was a love more perfect 
than our own, and know precisely in what particular that love 
was more perfect, our own love sentiment would be changed and 
we would regard it perfect as before. Every true lover desires 
the full and perfect love of the loved one, and as he considers his 
own feeling perfect in every respect, he also desires exactly the 
same amount and the same kind of love that he himself is capa- 
ble of feeling and manifesting. Amativeness acting alone can 
produce but one hind of love, although there are many different 
degrees of strength. The peculiarities of this feeling, that is, 
the kind of love is determined by the combined action of the 
other faculties upon Amativeness, their various combinations 
producing the different love sentiments and love feelings. 

Since we desire the same kind of love that we feel, and look 
for the same expression of love in others as in ourselves, those 
whom we love should possess a combination of faculties of such 
nature that the love sentiment and feeling may be similar to our 
own. Those faculties that have the greatest influence upon 
Amativeness should be alike in both. 

We now wish to learn what part of conjugal selection would 
be performed by Amativeness were it to act apart from the 



ADAPTATIONS OF THE FACULTIES. 31 

other faculties. Observation shows that its choice is that of 
physical beauty and perfection, — the external evidence of the 
possession of a hearty love nature. 

Men in whom this organ is large or very large are excellent 
judges of female beauty, and especially admire those personal 
charms peculiar to women. "Good shape," as it is called by 
them, if not paramount, at least stands high in their estimation 
of wifely qualities. A fine form, general roundness and plump- 
ness of all parts of the body, fine shoulders and bust, an ample, 
though not large waist, tapering limbs, comparatively small 
hands and feet, full and rosy lips, sparkling eyes, good voice, 
hearty laugh, and a vivacious, elastic step, are all found in their 
ideal woman. She is physically perfect and they admire her 
because her physical perfection indicates the possession of a love 
nature that will most heartily respond to their own. They do 
not and cannot admire a tall, slim, angular figure, with its high 
and prominent cheek bones, long and narrow nose, thin and 
pale lips, narrow and retreating chin, and the general dispropor- 
tion and imperfect development of the different parts of the 
body, especially those that are distinctively feminine. This 
imperfection accompanies and is dependent upon a weak or un 
healthy love nature, and the unhappy possessor is rendered re- 
pellent instead of attractive. Neither do they admire the slender 
form and delicate features of the Mental temperament unmodi- 
fied by an influential development of the Vital. Their ideal 
must possess a good degree of vitality, but when large Ideality 
and Causality act in conjunction with large Amativeness they 
will admire those who possess a graceful, symmetrical form, 
rather than the voluptuous ; — those whose features indicate re- 
finement of thought and poetical feeling, rather than animal 
desires and sentiments. 

Those in whom Amativeness is only full or average also 
admire the personal beauties of the female sex, yet do not hold 



32 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

them in so high estimation, or consider them of so great impor- 
tance in their choice of a wife. Consequently they prefer those 
who possess a fine form and a favorable endowment of vitality, 
and their first love is generally given to such; yet they fre- 
quently marry and live happily with those who are not precisely 
to their liking in this respect. But in order to live thus happily 
they must be morally, intellectually, and sentimentally adapted 
to each other. 

When Amativeness is moderate or small it has but little influ- 
ence in the choice of a life companion. There is little 
appreciation of the physical beauty of woman, and if such per- 
sons marry at all, it is generally through the influence of 
Conjugality or, in the absence of an influential development 
of that organ, from some more selfish motive ; yet observation 
reveals the fact that such men, especially when the Motive Tem- 
perament is strongly marked, are strongly attracted to women 
of the Vital Temperament. 

Women in whom this organ is large or very large admire phys- 
ical perfection in man. But how different is it from what man 
loves in woman ! A tall figure, prominent features, broad shoul- 
ders, deep chest, brawny arms, swarthy complexion, commanding 
attitude, and firm step, belong to her ideal man. How often do 
we find a very beautiful woman united in marriage with a man 
whose large nose, broad lower jaw, and high cheek bones, render 
his countenance extremely unhandsome ! Why did she marry 
him ? Because those features indicate that masculine power and 
manly vigor which all perfect women admire; and in proportion 
ae a woman is perfect will she admire and love those men who 
possess these qualities. 

When Amativeness is only full or average the choice is much 
the same, except that a greater development of the Vital Tem- 
perament is desired in connection with masculine force. 

When mod rate or small } vitality is generally somewhat defi- 
cient, and she naturally gravitates to those who possess a greater 



ADAPTATIONS OF THE FACULTIES. 33 

fund of vitality. Large Amativeness is generally found in con- 
nection with the Vital Temperament, and in her choice of vitality 
she may frequently find a degree of Amativeness not precisely to 
her liking ; yet it is the best that she can do. No other choice 
can give her as much pleasure if they are otherwise adapted. 

We have now shown the likes and dislikes of Amativeness in 
its various degrees of strength in man and woman, and if our 
choice were made by that faculty alone it would be in accordance 
with its preferences. Is such a choice best? That is best from 
which we may derive the greatest amount of true pleasure, and 
if these preferences lead us to such a choice it is right to follow 
them ; if not, it is wrong. 

If a man whose Amativeness is large or very large marry a 
woman in whom the organ is equally large, their union is not 
likely to remain harmonious. Both being excessively amorous, 
they almost continually provoke each other's passion, creating 
amatory desire, the undue gratification of which will eventually 
place their love more upon the animal plane than the Platonic, if 
no worse consequences follow. They become paramours rather 
than companions. The true love that bound them together at first 
and caused them to overlook each other's faults and defects is 
greatly weakened, and even minor differences may now cause 
contention and dispute. The faculties of each become arrayed 
against the other, and these again act upon Amativeness causing 
hatred instead of love. And what hatred is as deadly and un- 
reasonable as "reversed" Amativeness? Can they be happy 
thus? Certainly not. Could they be happy? Most happy 
indeed ; for each would find in the other that warm and whole- 
souled affection that is so much desired. Let the Moral organs 
be large in both, and let self-knowledge control Amativeness, 
keeping it within proper limits, and the most complete conjugal 
happiness will be the result, it being granted that the parties are 
otherwise adapted. 



34 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

On the other hand, if a man having a large development of 
Amativeness marry a woman in whom it is small, he fails to find 
that amatory reciprocation which he expects and demands of his 
conjugal mate, and if his Moral organs be small he will most 
likely seek the satisfaction of that desire in aD unlawful manner. 
But when this is done, concealment is almost impossible; discov- 
ery is almost certain, and how can she love him who has thus 
been false to her and to his marriage vow ? Yet this might have 
been different but for her deficient Amativeness. 

It is only the abuse of this faculty that may be condemned, 
and the only objection that may be urged against large or very 
large Amativeness is its extreme liability to perversion. Because 
of this, it is best that such men unite in marriage with those 
women whose Amativeness is not more than full. Other con- 
siderations require that it should not be less than average. 
Nature has wisely provided for such a choice by causing men in 
whom the faculty is very strong and not under proper control, 
to suspect its perversion or excessive action in those women who 
possess a like development. Even when large Moral organs hold 
large Amativeness in subjection, it is best to choose a companion 
who is not too amorous. 

Those in whom Amativeness is only full or average may regard 
themselves as most happily organized in this respect. Although 
such men generally prefer those women who possess a like de- 
velopment, they can live harmoniously with either extreme. If 
one of this class should choose a wife in whom Amativeness is 
large, he will fully gratify her passion without provoking to ex- 
cess. If he marry a woman in whom the organ is moderate 
or small, his fondling and caressing will inspire and increase 
her passion till it is sufficiently strong to satisfy his moderate 
desire. 

Man is more susceptible to woman's love than woman is to 
man's, and therefore woman may make a choice slightly different 



ADAPTATIONS OF THE FACULTIES. 35 

from these adaptations. A woman in whom Amativeness is large 
or very large, instead of choosing a husband in whom the organ is 
full or average, may marry and live happily with one in whom the 
faculty is weak ; but she should remember that such men are 
little inclined to fondle and caress, and have little desire to 
receive such attentions. She must partially forego this privilege 
and pleasure of the matrimonial relation. 

From this we infer that a man in whom Amativeness is small, 
may choose a wife in whom the organ is large or very large. Such 
is the case, for the reason just stated, but, because of other dif- 
ferences, it is probably better to choose a smaller development, 
though not less than average. If he should choose a wife in 
whom Amativeness is also small, the union will be comparatively 
cold and spiritless; — more for companionship than love. To 
those who wish nothing more it might be pleasant, but their 
children, if they should unfortunately have any, will be poor, 
weak, puny little beings with scarcely vitality enough to keep 
them alive. This choice is most to be avoided. All others may 
be tolerated, but this is a curse, not alone upon the parties con- 
tracting the marriage, but also upon the future generations of the 
human race. 

In conclusion we will present a concise statement of the 
adaptations of Amativeness in its various degrees of strength 
both in male and in female. 

Large or very large. — Men should choose average or full. 
Women may choose any development not in excess. 

Full or average. — Men and women may choose any devel- 
opment, whether similar or in either extreme. 

Moderate or small. — Men may choose any development 
not deficient. Women should choose average or full. 

A. CONJUGALITY. 

Though Amativeness plays an important part in marriage 
and will of itself bring the sexes together in parentage, it does 



36 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

not give the desire of marriage or union for life with one of the 
opposite sex. Amativeness alone would induce promiscuous 
association, such as we find among cattle, sheep, and other 
domestic animals. "Free love" would be established and its 
practice considered perfectly proper. Men and women would 
feel themselves at liberty to seek and to bestow amatory favors 
wherever they pleased to do so. Not selecting one and remaining 
true to that one through life ; but associating with one to-day, 
another to-morrow, and perhaps a third the day after. Not 
constant; but following every fancy or impulse, forgetting the 
paramour of yesterday while dallying with the solicitor of to-day. 

Such would be the condition of society were Amativeness the 
only bond of union between the sexes. But thanks be to Him 
who has created all things good, there is a faculty in the human 
mind that gives a desire of companionship for life with one of the 
opposite sex. In proportion to the strength of this faculty, men 
and women regard the marriage relation as sacred, and matrimo- 
nial infidelity as sinful. When it is weak or deficient they 
regard marriage as an imposition, a restraint, a bondage from 
which all persons might well be free; and the less its influence, 
the greater will be the inclination toward "free love" senti- 
ment and practice. 

The likes and dislikes of the various degrees of Conjugality 
determine the choice to be made, and if we know its preferences 
a proper selection becomes an easy task. 

As men and women in whom this organ is large or very large 
are most devotedly attached to a loved one of the opposite sex, 
they will not be fully satisfied unless they feel assured of a like 
attachment on the part of the one beloved. Husband and wife 
cannot experience that unity of soul, that singleness of thought 
and purpose which belong to a true marriage, unless each 
believes that feeling to be mutual and equal. 

It may be said that a difference in this respect does not pre- 
clude happiness so long as each thinks the attachment reciprocal. 






ADAPTATIONS OF THE FACULTIES. 37 

True, and it may continue so a short time at least, but marriage 
is for a lifetime and it is not to be supposed that in all this time 
no incident might occur which would reveal the lack of Conju- 
gality. 

It is a well known fact that when husband and wife possess 
this faculty in a marked degree they love to be in each other's 
society, and each feels unhappy when the other is absent. If 
Conjugality be large in one and small in the other, this difference 
may become the source of unhappiness. To illustrate : A few 
months after marriage, Mr. R. and his wife visited his father and 
mother. During their visit, his wife, accompanied by one of his 
sisters, went out for a pleasant walk intending to return in a 
short time. Her absence caused him to feel unhappy, and he 
became affected to such a degree that he went home leaving 
her to walk home by herself, a distance of nearly a mile. He 
told her that he returned home because he thought she cared 
no more for him than to go away and leave him. To know that 
she had displeased him made her also unhappy. Upon mak- 
ing a phrenological examination, his Conjugality was found to 
be full and of greater size than either Amativeness or Adhesive- 
ness; while her organ of Conjugality was only average, and was 
of smaller size than any other organ of the Domestic Group. 
In this case the difference of feeling is due not so much to 
the actual size of Conjugality in each as to its influence in 
combination with the other Domestic propensities. 

The reader will remember that it is not the actual size of an 
organ, but its comparative size, that gives its characteristic in- 
fluence to the operations of the mind. The size of an organ 
measures the strength of feeling, but not the manifestation ; for a 
faculty may be held more in restraint by one person than by 
another, because the restraining power is stronger in the first 
than in the second. 

We naturally accept the manifestation of a faculty in others as 
the measure of its strength, and in choosing a life companion we 



38 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

should therefore select one whose Conjugality has the same, or 
nearly the same influence in the Domestic Propensities. 

This faculty, like all others, may be in excess, and then it leads 
to an attachment whose unrestrained manifestation might appear 
ridiculous in the eyes of others ; but if Causality and Appro- 
bativeness are also large, such expressions will be confined to the 
home circle, and should there find an appreciative heart, and 
satisfactory evidence of reciprocation. 

Those in whom the faculty is deficient have but little desire 
for marriage, and, if married, do not sufficiently appreciate the 
delicate expressions of conjugal affection which make the matri- 
monial relation one of true happiness and unalloyed pleasure. 

Such persons are annoyed by the affectionate attentions com- 
monly received and bestowed by husband and wife. They do 
not easily overlook a fault in the conduct of a matrimonial part- 
ner, and are liable to form unfounded suspicions concerning the 
conjugal fidelity of those united with them in legal marriage. 
This restless, undetermined, vacillating state of feeling produces 
anything else than happiness, and makes it impossible to please 
a companion who possesses a superior endowment of Conjugal- 
ity. These persons do not wish to be "tied" as they call it; 
but wish to be " independent,' ' and are not willing to fetter 
themselves even with the ' ' silver link, the silken tie ' ' of mat- 
rimony. If they marry they should possess large Moral and 
Intellectual organs in order to keep the marriage vows inviolate. 
If not thus qualified they should remain unmarried. 

Similarity of influence is to be sought in a companion, and 
therefore Conjugality in a mate should bear the same relation to 
the other Domestic organs as in ourselves, although its actual 
size may differ to some extent. 

When the faculty is in excess, it is probably better to choose 
one who is not quite equal in this respect. When deficient, 
choose one in whom the organ is a little more largely developed, 



ADAPTATIONS OF THE FACULTIES. 39 

and especially should this be the case if the choosing party is a 
man. He has more faults than woman, and requires greater 
affection and attachment on her part that his imperfections may 
be overlooked. The Moral organs are generally smaller in man 
than in woman, and if his Conjugality be small, he is inclined 
to suspect her fidelity unless she manifest a strong attachment 
to him, and even this must be in a quiet, unobtrusive manner, 
such as would be prompted by her larger Moral organs in con- 
nection with a moderate degree of Conjugality. 

2. PHILOPROGENITIVENESS. 

The perpetuation of the human race is Nature's sole object in 
bringing the sexes together in marriage. Conjugality and Ama- 
tiveness are alone suflicient to produce marriage and offspring, 
but neither of these faculties can give the care and assistance 
which is so necessary to the child in its earliest years. It is 
plainly the duty of parents to provide for their children and to 
care for them until they are old enough to care for themselves. 
Conscientiousness might lead them to do so, but they would 
derive no pleasure other than a sense of duty well performed. 
Philoprogenitiveness makes this imperative duty one of our 
greatest pleasures. It causes us to love our children as ourselves, 
and we frequently find that the mother's love for her child is 
greater than for herself. 

Every observer will notice that all parents do not show the 
same love for their children. Some will pet and fondle them, 
play with them, and enter into their sports and games as one of 
their number, devise ways to amuse and instruct them, and will 
be delighted if they can make their children happy; others 
seem to think they have done enough if they provide food and 
clothing for them. Such are annoyed by their restlessness and 
continual prattle, and consider the time spent in play with them 
as lost. Some will patiently listen to the story of childish care 
and sorrow, will soothe the troubled little heart with loving 



40 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

words and gentle caresses, and send the child back to its play 
smiling and happier than before ; others will become angry and 
send the little one away with the injunction not to return again 
with such a complaint. We have heard such a mother say: 
"Now just go off and don't bother me any more to-day. I've 
got enough to do without having you running after me all the 
time." At another time : "I'm tired of hearing 'Mother/' all 
the time. It's just ' Mother/ Mother/ ' a thousand times a day." 
Now if the father possessed a strong love for his child, would he 
be pleased to hear such language addressed to it ? If his love 
for it were no greater than the mother's, he would justify and 
approve her action and they would experience that pleasure 
arising from a unity of purpose and action in domestic affairs. 

Mr. B. related the following concerning his wife : His little 
child left the house and came to him where he was at work in 
the yard. His wife, finding the child gone, came out and called 
it, saying, ''Come here now right away." She said this in a 
somewhat severe tone, and the child turned round almost ready 
to cry, not knowing what to do. Changing her tone she called, 
' 'Come here darling, come to mamma,' ' at the same time hold- 
ing out her arms toward it It smiled and came to her imme- 
diately. How much better than to scold or punish as many 
mothers would have done ! Mr. B. was well pleased with this 
affectionate and sensible treatment of his child. His estimation 
of his wife and, consequently, his love for her were increased by 
it ; for whatever increases admiration or esteem also strengthens 
love. 

The natural expression of Philoprogenitiveness depends very 
much upon its combination with the other faculties, and man 
and wife may be quite different in this respect although that 
organ is equally developed in both. One may possess large Com- 
bativeness, Destructiveness, Firmness, Self-Esteem, and Conscien- 
tiousness, and though loving his children will be harsh and 



ADAPTATIONS OF THE FACULTIES. 41 

stern in his family government, and punish them severely for a 
misdemeanor. The other, possessing small Combativeness and 
Destructiveness, with large Benevolence and Adhesiveness, seeing 
the punishment inflicted upon the child, will suffer as much 
and perhaps more than the child itself; but with smaller Philo- 
progenitiveness would experience less of this painful feeling and 
be less likely to remonstrate, yet with larger Combativeness 
and Destructiveness might even then show displeasure in a man- 
ner not calculated to increase conjugal affection. 

Next to Conjugality, Philoprogenitiveness is naturally the 
strongest tie between man and wife ; not directly, but indirectly 
by making them love their children, the fruition of their mutual 
love. Whatever lessens their pleasure in this also lessens their 
pleasure as man and wife. One may be indulgent, the other 
severe ; one may be vainly proud of their attainments although 
not above mediocrity, the other sees greater good sense and moral 
integrity in the children of strangers; one may be provident, 
the other careless and neglectful; and one may wish to educate 
them for society and show, the other for usefulness and business. 
Thus we might mention many opposites, every one of which is 
detrimental to the happiness of man and wife as parents, and 
many of which would prove injurious to the children. 

It would seem, then, that similarity of influence and natural 
expression is the law of adaptation in the case of Philoprogeni- 
tiveness, and this requires that certain other faculties be alike in 
both. But there are exceptions to this. If choosing similarity 
in a conjugal mate would prove detrimental to their children's 
happiness or success in life, it is best to choose a combination of 
faculties that will more nearly approach perfection, although 
conjugal affection may be lessened thereby. Parents, as they 
grow older, become more practical and business-like in their 
views concerning their children's education and social position. 
They desire that their children may be honored and respected 



42 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

by all who know them, and also wish to see them financially 
successful. To find these hopes fully realized is, perhaps, the 
greatest happiness of parents. " One thing that contributes to 
my happiness is the fact that my children are all doing well," is 
the testimony of a gray-haired father whose children are useful 
and respected members of society. How much better to forego 
the pleasure of perfect similarity and gain this pleasure of old 
age ! This applies only to those cases in which similarity would 
prove injurious, and even then it must be remembered that too 
great dissimilarity will produce discord, which, in turn, will 
leave its influence upon the child, and the desired object will 
be lost in the effort designed to secure it. The laws of Heredity 
and pre-natal influence do not come within the limits of this 
work, but it may be well to say that without a good degree of 
conjugal harmony it is impossible to secure kind, loving, obedi- 
ent children, the joy of their parents. 

During the earliest years of life the Selfish Propensities are 
most active and if parents are too indulgent toward their chil- 
dren at this period there is great danger of increasing these 
faculties to such an extent that the Moral and Intellectual fac- 
ulties can never fully restrain them. If one parent is indulgent, 
the other should possess a smallei degree of Philoprogenitiveness 
or larger Causality and Moral organs, preferably the latter. 
When parents are proud and vain of their children, their 
expressions of this feeling will foster Approbativeness and Self- 
esteem in the child to such an extent as to make him 
conceited, vain, haughty, and arrogant. In this case one of the 
parents should possess smaller Approbativeness and Self-esteem 
or, much better, a greater degree of Conscientiousness and Caus- 
ality. 

Whatever conjugal pleasure husband and wife may find in 
similarity of feeling toward their children, and however desira- 
ble it may be, it is certainly the case that perfect similarity of 






ADAPTATIONS OF THE FACULTIES. 43 

the faculties in combination with Philoprogenitiveness is not 
always best. If you possess a defective combination, seek to 
counteract its influence by choosing one whose Moral organs are 
sufficiently strong to control and direct a similar combination, 
rather than risk the loss of happiness by choosing one of oppo- 
site or widely different organization. 

As the care of a child during infancy and early childhood 
naturally belongs to the mother, it is absolutely necessary that 
she possess a good endowment of Philoprogenitiveness. Young 
men, see that you choose such women as matrimonial partners. 
Young women, accept those whose love for children will not 
leave you to care for them alone and unaided by him who should 
cherish and protect you and your children. 

3. ADHESIVENESS. 

Undoubtedly Adhesiveness is one of the most important fac- 
ulties concerned in the marriage relation, and one that is too 
frequently allowed to fall into disuse by man and wife in their 
conduct toward each other. Amativeness is evidently an imper- 
fect tie, and all domestic conduct founded upon that faculty 
alone would be variable, inconstant, and in direct opposition to 
the higher sentiments. It cannot possibly be a bond of union 
between man and wife except during that part of life in which 
Nature has decided it shall be most active, and even then its 
specific action is limited to half or less than half the time thus 
allotted to them. Whoever might make it a continual bond of 
union would suffer the extreme penalty which follows disobedi- 
ence to the natural laws of our being, — death, and that, too, in 
the prime of life when every faculty should have reached its 
highest development. 

If to Amativeness we add Conjugality, we find the conduct 
less variable and inconstant. They would become attached to 
each other and remain faithful to their marriage vows, desire to 
be in each other's company, and would experience that unity of 



44 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

soul which belongs to this faculty. But this is only the tie, — 
Amativeness is still the basis of their conduct, and its manifes- 
tation increased by their desire to be with each other, — a 
position still worse, if possible, than before. 

Then let us feel thankful to our Creator for the one faculty 
which is above all others in the marriage relation, the tenderest, 
purest, and most disinterested tie that binds together man and 
wife. Unlike Amativeness, Conjugality, and Philoprogenitive- 
ness, its exercise is not limited to wife and children, or to the 
family circle alone. It reaches out to our neighbor, to all man- 
kind, seeking to form reciprocal attachments that shall be at once 
fervid and lasting. 

The fullest action of this faculty may exist between two per- 
sons, whether of the same sex or the opposite, and when sanctioned 
by intellect and the moral sentiments, constitutes true friend- 
ship. It is evident that this feeling should exist between man 
and wife, not only that their happiness might be increased, but 
that it may be sustained during that part of time in which Ama- 
tiveness has but little influence. If to this true friendship 
between man and wife we add the influence of large Conjugality, 
and smaller Amativeness under complete control of the Moral 
organs, we have attained that most exalted spiritual affection 
which should everywhere exist between conjugal mates. It is 
the realization of Plato's idealistic philosophy. The beauty 
which it seeks is not that of form, but perfection and purity of 
soul. Its enjoyment is not that of person, but the closest com- 
munion of kindred hearts. 

This Platonic affection is decidedly opposed to all expressions 
of Amativeness that might seem in the least gross or indelicate. 
How quickly are the Moral organs called upon to put down any 
amatory thought that may arise in connection with our thoughts 
of the loved one ! How promptly they act in its suppression. As 
the excessive action of Amativeness leads to dissatisfaction, dis- 



ADAPTATIONS OF THE FACULTIES. 45 

gust, loathing, and hatred between the parties concerned, it is 
extremely necessary that a good degree of Platonic love be pres- 
ent to restrain its action, and to refine and purify its expression. 
Since this most desirable state of feeling springs primarily from 
the action of Adhesiveness, a good development of that organ 
becomes a qualification necessary to all matrimonial candidates. 
If this faculty were of the same strength in all persons, each 
would be adapted to every other in this respect. But such is 
not the case. One manifests a strong, ardent attachment; 
another is weak, vacillating, and cold. One delights in the com- 
panionship of friends, wishes to see them happy, and will do all 
in his power to make them happy ; another prefers solitude and 
seclusion, is decidedly reserved in his conduct, and desires to 
live and act alone. He is selfish and cold-hearted, while his 
neighbor is kind, obliging, social, and affectionate. Can these 
live together in harmony ? The large Adhesiveness of the one 
would find no pleasure in its association with a cold and spirit- 
less companion, and would seek elsewhere that gratification 
which is denied it, and for want of which it must languish and 
eventually die, if we may so call its lapse into habitual inactiv- 
ity. The deficient Adhesiveness of the other would utterly fail 
to appreciate the friendly manifestations of a warm-hearted com- 
panion, would consider his presence as an intrusion, and regard 
the time spent in conversation with him as irrecoverably lost. 
If their partnership depended upon this faculty alone, they 
would soon become alienated and their connection would be 
promptly severed. If other faculties in combination with this 
still held them together in their business relation, they would 
be continually at variance in their feelings and thus lose all the 
pleasures arising from the interchange of friendly regard. This 
disparity may be carried into the domestic relation by those 
who marry without due consideration, Or for some fancied " in- 
terest." Who can picture the suffering and misery that must 



46 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. f 

follow such a course ? Bound to each other by mutual promises 
and the law of the land, they must continue in the deplorable 
state in which their folly has placed them. There is no remedy. 
No other faculty, and no combination of faculties, can supply 
the love and affection so much desired by the conjugal mate pos- 
sessing large Adhesiveness. 

We have learned that a good development of this organ is 
necessary to those who would marry, and that such development 
should be the same in both parties if they wish to insure har- 
mony in the matter of friendship. There is no exception to this, 
but there are many excellent persons in whom Adhesiveness is 
not largely developed. They are quiet, unobtrusive, home- 
loving, have but few intimate friends, yet are loved and respected 
by all who know them. With Conjugality and the Moral organs 
large they are capable of the most devoted attachment in the 
marriage relation, but will not experience the fervency which 
belongs to large or very large Adhesiveness. Should such as these 
remain unmarried ? Certainly not, but they should choose those 
in whom the organ is similarly developed, or at least but slightly 
different from their own. A too great difference will prove in- 
harmonious, and frequently become the prime cause of jealousy. 
To illustrate : A man in whom this organ is large or very large 
marries a woman in whom the faculty is rather deficient. He is 
social and warm-hearted, has a smile and a pleasant greeting for 
all. She is reserved in manner and her greetings are merely 
formal. What wonder that the husband should cease his mani- 
festations of friendship in the domestic circle where it is not 
duly appreciated ! Tender and sympathetic at marriage, he has 
apparently grown more cold and distant in his love for her. She 
notices this difference and thinks the fault is his. He still has a 
smile and a pleasant word for those outside. She observes this 
fact, and convinces herself that he really cares more for them 
than for her. If one of his acquaintances be a Miss Prettyman, 



ADAPTATIONS OF THE FACULTIES. 47 

his wife becomes a Mrs. Caudle with all the power of tongue that 
Mr. Jerrold ascribed to that lady. If the circumstances are 
reversed, the husband possessing small, and the wife large Adhe- 
siveness, discord is still the result, but jealousy seldom arises 
from such difference. Amativeness is generally larger in 
man than in woman. This calls out his friendship for the oppo- 
site sex, and he is more friendly to women than to those of his 
own sex ; while woman shows greater attachment to her female 
friends. Woman, if she possess small Adhesiveness and be 
united in marriage to a man possessing that faculty in a marked 
degree, with Amativeness also well developed, will most likely 
become jealously suspicious of her husband. 

Since such great evils may arise from a great difference in the 
strength or activity of this faculty, it is evidently best to choose 
a matrimonial partner in whom the organ is similarly developed. 

If to this you add strong Morals, you may enter wedded life 
with the full assurance of happiness, not only during the active 
part of life, but also in its declining years. 

4. INHABITIVENESS. 

We may picture the pleasures arising from the proper exer- 
cise of Amativeness directed toward but one object, with which 
we are brought into the most intimate and affectionate rela- 
tionship through the influence of Conjugality and Adhesiveness. 
To this we may add the pleasure of beholding our forms and 
features multiplied in offspring. If we carry out this ideal in 
practical life, Nature has attained her object in marriage, and we 
have received the reward of our obedience to her laws. 

It is evident to all that much of this pleasure must be lost in 
the absence of a place of permanent abode. Those who are sub- 
ject to the caprices of a landlord cannot possibly experience that 
feeling of freedom and security enjoyed by those who possess a 
house and lot, be it ever so small and unpretentious. A cottage 
may contain as much love and happiness as a palace. Its walls 



48 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

may conceal a thousand little courtesies from the peering eyes 
of the outside world. There the domestic feelings may find 
ample scope for their expression, and the continued association 
of these enjoyments with a certain place of residence increases 
our love of home so that in time we come to regard it as the 
dearest and most sacred spot on earth. 

Inhabitiveness gives us a love of home independent of these 
associations, and there is good reason to believe that it may give 
us a love of home considered from a social point ot view. It is 
quite probable that this organ, like a few others, is double ; the 
one part giving attachment to place of residence and all natural 
objects that may be connected with it, the other part giving a 
love of the society of home, creating an attachment to the home 
of childhood, and causing one in whom this feeling is strong to 
leave home with great reluctance, although it may be to found a 
home of his own. This feeling is entirely distinct from that 
which gives attachment to the place of residence. It may exist 
in a strong degree where the latter is weak, and the latter may 
be active where the former has but little influence. The "Old 
Oaken Bucket" and " Woodman, Spare That Tree "are examples 
of the first, while the following stanzas give expression to the 
second : 

Aweary of life and of toiling in vain, 
I long for the days of my childhood again, 
When life had a charm that forever has flown, 
An innocent pleasure that now is unknown. 

No friendship so faithful, unselfish, and true 
As that which fond memory brings to my view,— 
The friendship of childhood that ever endears 
The playmates and friends of my earliest years. 

A person in whom this feeling is much stronger than his at- 
tachment to place of residence was found to possess a large 
development of the outer portion of the organ of Inhabitiveness, 
next to Adhesiveness, while the central part was somewhat 
depressed. This would point to the outer portion as the organ 



ADAPTATIONS OF THE FACULTIES. 49 

which combines the feelings attributed to Inhabitiveness and 
Adhesiveness, — just what we would expect from its situation. 
In the case referred to, the superior development of that part of 
Inhabitiveness could not possibly be due to large Adhesiveness, 
for that organ was rather deficient. 

The organ of Inhabitiveness, as at present described, gives 
attachment to home considered as a residence, and also to the 
society of home, including the friends and playmates of our 
childhood. Its action is not confined within these narrow lim- 
its, but extends to neighborhood and country, to neighbors and 
to nationality. Those in whom the organ is largely developed 
are eminently patriotic, loving their native land above all others. 
If the other Social organs are well developed, family and home 
are dearer than all else. Such persons desire a home of their 
own, and must have one if possible. Possessing it, they cannot 
remain long absent, but will return at the earliest opportunity. 
A man having large Inhabitiveness will rarely spend his even- 
ings away from home, and his wife, if she do her duty in making 
home pleasant, need have no fear that he will exchange 
her society and companionship for that of others. If she 
possess large Inhabitiveness, in connection with a good degree 
of Ideality, she will adorn her house and make it attract- 
ive, and they will be mutually interested in the affairs of home. 
Loving the same objects, the same scenery, and the same associa- 
tions, they love each other more than if one loved what the 
other could not. Being alike in this they will derive greater hap- 
piness from the domestic relation ; therefore those who possess large 
Inhabitiveness should marry those who have the organ well 
developed. 

Large Inhabitiveness, in connection with small Adhesiveness, 
would give too great a tendency to remain at home. Much of 
the pleasure gained by visiting friends and relatives would thus 
be lost through the predominant action of Inhabitiveness. One 



50 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATIONS, 

possessing this combination should marry one in whom Ad- 
hesiveness is a little more largely developed, or choose a less 
•degree of Inhabitiveness. The object to be gained by this choice 
is not that of greater domestic happiness, but that he may do 
Iris duty as a member of society; yet it must be remembered 
that too great a difference can produce nothing but discord. 

If you possess a defective combination of the Social faculties, 
do not make yourself miserable by choosing a conjugal mate of 
directly opposite tendency ; but select one who, while differing 
but little from yourself, is yet more nearly perfect. This applies 
to Inhabitiveness as well as the other faculties of the Social 
group. Its fullest action rarely requires restraint, except as in 
the case mentioned, where Adhesiveness is rather deficient. The 
weakness of this feeling is most to be guarded against, asjt cre- 
ates a restless, roving disposition entirely incompatible with a 
true home life. Possessing but little attachment to home, one 
will wander from place to place hoping to better his condition 
in life, most probably never attaining his desire. In youth he 
seeks associations outside of home, frequently falls into bad com- 
pany, becoming profligate though the debasing influence of 
such companionship. A stronger love of home would prevent 
this in many cases by keeping him out of vicious society. He 
may marry and establish himself in business, but even then 
he is likely to change his place of residence several times during 
his lifetime. Residing first in Ohio, he will move to Kansas. 
Growing tired of that State, he moves to Colorado or Wyoming, 
and, perhaps, at last we find him in California or Washington 
Territory. " Three moves are as bad as a fire " contains much 
truth, and those who frequently change their place of residence 
rarely acquire a home of their own. 

Such a man should marry a woman whose love of home is 
strong enough to partially counteract his roving disposition, yet 
not so strong that she could not readily accommodate herself to 



ADAPTATIONS OF THE FACULTIES. 



51 



a change of residence. A woman whose Inhabitivensss is small 
should choose a husband in whom this organ is well developed, 
lest their combined imprudences in the management of home 
affairs prove disastrous to their hopes of securing a home. 

PHYSIOGNOMY OF THE DOMESTIC PROPENSITIES. 

amativeness. — This faculty has the cerebellum as its organ, 
and when strong that portion of the brain is large. Occupying 
the lowest position at the back of the head, a full neck and 
great extension backward of the ears over the organ of Amative- 
ness, becomes an easily recognized sign of its large development. 
A prominent chin, generally massive in males, and full lips of a 

bright red color signify the 
possession of a healthy, hearty, 
and active love nature. Pale 
or discolored lips indicate 
inactivity, or disease of a 
sexual nature. 

Adhesiveness. — This fac- 
ulty is represented in facial 
development by the muscle 
physiognomy of the domestic propensities, surrounding tne moutn, draw- 
ing the lips together or closing them. When large, it causes 
slightly converging lines to appear in the red part of the lips. 
When these lines are small and perpendicular the degree of 
Adhesiveness is about average. 

Our illustration shows the physiognomy of the Domestic Pro- 
pensities when large and small. The contrast is quite marked. 

selfish propensities. 

The Domestic Propensities alone form the basis of marriage 
and matrimonial life. Perfect adaptation among these faculties 
is therefore of greatest importance, while discord is most disas- 
trous. Yet the tenderest and truest love may be changed to 




LARGE. 




SMALL 



52 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATIONS. 

deadliest hatred through a want of harmony among the other 
faculties, especially the sentiments. Indeed, most of the disa- 
greement and quarreling found in marriage is the result of 
differences outside of the Domestic Propensities influencing them 
unfavorably; yet inharmonious relations among themselves 
make them more susceptible to such disturbing influence. 

In a matrimonial choice the gratification of every faculty con- 
stitutes /perfect adaptation, but such a choice is frequently 
impossible and gratification of the greatest number of faculties 
becomes the object in seeking a conjugal mate. 

Among the Selfish Propensities, large Combative ness and 
Destructiveness should be mated with a smaller development, 
that of average in most cases. Two high-tempered, combative 
persons cannot live together in harmony. A small development 
of these organs should be mated with full or large. 

The pleasures of Alimentiveness and Acquisitiveness are 
enhanced by a choice of similarity, but when small Acquisitive- 
ness renders an individual improvident, a conjugal mate should 
possess a development of that organ rather above the average. 
In case of excess it is best to choose a development not quite so 
large, well under control of the Moral organs, yet sufficiently 
strong to insure co-operative action. 

The possession of large Secretiveness requires that a compan- 
ion be frank, open-hearted, and communicative through the 
influence of a small development of that organ. 

In every case persons whose manifestation of one of these 
faculties is neither in excess nor deficiency should choose simi- 
larity in a companion, yet a choice of either extreme will prove 
measurably adaptive. 

In the 

SELFISH SENTIMENTS 

much the same relation is necessary to adaptation as is found 
among the Propensities. If one party is firm, the other should 



ADAPTATIONS OF THE FACULTIES. 58 

be pliable and yielding, ready to make concessions. Large Firm- 
ness should be mated with moderate or average. Persons in whom 
this faculty is deficient should seek a full or large development 
of the organ in a matrimonial partner. 

Those who are self-important, haughty, arrogant and domi- 
neering should unite in marriage with those who are meek, 
humble and submissive. Large Self-esteem should unite with 
moderate or average ; small, with average or full. 

If Approbativeness be large in one and small in the other, 
the former will frequently be displeased with the conduct of the 
latter, who cares little for the ways of society, whereas, if they 
were similar, there would be no occasion for such displeasure. 
Whether this faculty be weak or strong, similarity is to be 
chosen in marriage. 

A person who is timid and irresolute through the influence 
of large Cautiousness should seek in marriage one who is 
endowed with a smaller degree of that faculty ; but, as prudence 
is necessary in a companion, the development chosen should not 
fall below full. Where small Cautiousness makes its possessor 
reckless and imprudent, the choice should be that of full or 
average. 

The 

MORAL SENTIMENTS 

demand a near approach to similarity in every case. Large 
Conscientiousness gives a strong sense of justice, of right and 
wrong, and enforces a strict obedience to its dictates. A person 
possessing this trait of character will despise and condemn all 
departures from a course of honesty, either in word or action. 
Opposites cannot unite in marriage with harmonious result. 

Predominant Veneration and Spirituality, turning the 
thoughts to heaven and heavenly things, to God the Father of 
all, and to religion as a means of securing happiness in the life 
beyond the grave, elevates persons of such character above the 



54 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

companionship of the irreligious and atheistical; while the lat- 
ter class, regarding their religious friends as fanatics, would find 
little pleasure in their society. 

Those who are cheerful, always looking on the bright side of 
life, confidently expecting the "good time coming" cannot find 
enjoyment in the companionship of those who are morose, con- 
stantly borrowing trouble, meditating upon their misfortunes, 
forgetting the good they have received in the past, while looking 
forward to the imaginary evils in store for them. Large Hope 
should be mated with a similar development. Companions hav- 
ing small Hope would, no doubt, increase each other's fears and 
darken the already gloomy forebodings of evil ; but they would 
be similar and thus feel that they were not alone in this weary 
world. It is said that "misery loves company," and it may be 
that such persons can find a peculiar pleasure in their self-im- 
posed misery. 

If large Benevolence shows a love toward all mankind, seeks 
to make others happy by doing deeds of kindness, or by speak- 
words of consolation and encouragement, a companion should 
find equal pleasure in doing good. 

Among the 

SEMI-INTELLECTUAL SENTIMENTS 

the most important adaptations are those of Ideality, Mirthful- 
ness, and Agreeableness. If a person having large Ideality 
unite in marriage with one in whom that organ is small, the 
former, loving the beautiful, showing good taste and a sense of 
propriety in all things, will be displeased with the latter who, 
having little perception of the beautiful and ornate, will be 
somewhat coarse and vulgar, untidy in dress, showing an ab- 
sence of taste or refinement and a preference for the utilitarian 
rather than the decorative. Ideality should be similarly devel- 
oped in both. 

Ldrge Mirth fulness in one will find exercise in good-natured 
raillery, witticism, pretended irony, and mock sarcasm, which 



ADAPTATIONS OF THE FACULTIES. 55 

a person who has that organ small, being therefore incapable of 
understanding the true meaning of such expressions or of com- 
prehending the spirit in which they were uttered, will not fail 
to resent as an insult. Similarity is the law of adaptation in 
the case of Mirthfulness. 

If large Agreeableness 'renders one conjugal mate polite, 
agreeable, and conciliatory in manner and conversation, the 
other should be similar, lest the former might be offended with 
the abrupt style and rough, harsh expression of the latter. 

In the 

PERCEPTIVES, 

Order is the only faculty that requires special adaptation. It is 
one of the elements of a critical, fault-finding disposition, and a 
person having that organ large should seek in marriage one 
whose love of order, system, method, and arrangement is in har- 
mony with his own ideas concerning such matters. A good 
degree of similarity is absolutely necessary. 
The faculty of Tune in the group of 

SEMI-PERCEPTIVES 

require that companions or intimate associates should have that 
organ similarly developed. If one loves music, either vocal or 
instrumental, the other should show the same love and join 
with the first in singing such songs or hymns as are pleasing to 
both. If the other faculties are substantially alike they will 
prefer the same class of music. Mingling their voices together 
in harmony will not fail to produce concord in other affairs also. 
If we were asked to name the faculty most powerful in estab- 
lishing and perpetuating harmony among the members of a 
family we would say without hesitation, — Tune. 

If a large development of Language makes one talkative, the 
other should have that organ comparatively small, that he may 
be a willing listener. If a person is quiet and taciturn through 
the influence of small Language he should choose a companion 



56 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

who will call out all the conversational power that he may- 
possess. 

If one party possess strong 

REFLECTIVES, 

or Reasoning Faculties, and intellectuality is a prominent trait 
of character, the other should be at least fairly intellectual, that 
they may admire each other's good sense and reasoning ability. 
He who is meditative, seeking after knowledge and wisdom, will 
be disgusted with the companionship of a light-minded person 
showing little reason or even common sense. A highly educated, 
intellectual man may overlook a smaller degree of intellectuality 
in a woman ; but a woman having these rare gifts must choose 
a husband who is equally intellectual. She would otherwise 
learn to despise him because of his ignorance. 




V 



TEMPERAMENTAL ADAPTATION. 




E are accustomed to speak of Temperament as a 
cause of the peculiar mental manifestations found 
in connection with a marked development of a 
certain class of organs in the body ; but the truth 
of the matter is directly the reverse of this. Temperament is 
but the physical expression of an inherited mentality, subject 
to modification by cultivation or restraint. 

Persons of the Motive Temperament are described as indus- 
trious, energetic, ambitious, sometimes arrogant and domi- 
neering. Phrenologically speaking, they are endowed with 
large Combativeness, Destructiveness, Firmness, and Self-esteem. 
We also find that they have large Perceptives, Conscientiousness 
larger than Benevolence, and Spirituality larger than Ideality or 
Veneration. Alimentiveness and Amativeness are usually not 
large, while Imitation, Mirthfulness, and Hope are commonly 
rather small. This peculiar mental constitution or mentality, 
inherited from parents or acquired by cultivation, is the cause 
of the Motive Temperament. 

Those of the Vital Temperament are characterized by ardor, 
impulsiveness, cheerfulness, vivacity, versatility, pleasant and 
agreeable manners, a fondness for good living, and a love of the 
beautiful. They are sympathetic, adaptive, good-natured, 
mirthful, and talkative. The cause of this is found in the pos- 
session of large Benevolence, Hope, Mirthfulness, Language, 
Alimentiveness, and Amativeness. Acquisitiveness is also 

57 



58 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

large ; Ideality, Imitation, and Agreeableness are well developed,, 
while Approbativeness is usually larger than Self-Esteem. 

In the Mental Temperament we find the brain large in pro- 
portion to the body, its anterior portion large in comparison 
with the posterior and lateral portions ; Veneration, Spirituality, 
Ideality, Causality, and Comparison are large, while Amative- 
ness, Combativeness, Destructiveness, Alimentiveness, and 
Acquisitiveness are commonly not above medium. 

As the Temperament of an individual is dependent upon his 
mental constitution, it seems almost unnecessary to speak of 
temperamental adaptation in marriage; for, if conjugal partners 
are mentally adapted to each other, they will be so tempera- 
mentally. Even the closest study of Temperament cannot give 
a knowledge of mental peculiarities, as may be discovered by a 
phrenological examination. The latter method of selecting a 
matrimonial companion should be adopted in every instance, as 
it is the only perfect method. 

Studying the mental adaptations of the Motive Tempera- 
ment, we find that companions should possess only a moderate 
degree of Combativeness, Destructiveness, Firmness, and Self- 
Esteem; large Conscientiousness and Spirituality; a full, but 
not large development of Ideality, and Hope ; moderate Mirth- 
fulness, with Alimentiveness and Amativeness not above 
medium. This indicates the possession of a slightly predomi- 
nant Vital Temperament, with the Motive and Mental well 
developed. 

In the Vital Temperament, companions should be character- 
ized by large Benevolence, Hope, Mirthfulness, Ideality, 
Approbativeness, and Agreeableness; well developed Alimen- 
tiveness and Acquisitiveness, and moderate Amativeness. 
Language should generally be small, while Combativeness, 
Destructiveness, Self-Esteem, and Firmness may be large. 

This mental constitution is possessed by persons who nearly 
approach the ideal Temperament known as the Balanced or 



TEMPERAMENTAL ADAPTATION. 59 

Harmonious. The Vital and Motive are both well developed, 
while the influence of the Mental is quite noticeable. 

Large Veneration, Spirituality and Ideality, strong reasoning 
power, well developed Combativeness, Destructiveness, Alimen- 
tiveness, and Acquisitiveness, with a good degree of Amativeness, 
characterize the mentality most in harmony with the Mental 
Temperament. A Vital-Mental Temperament in which the 
Mental element is nearly equal to the Vital is the physical ex- 
pression of such a mental constitution. 

Some physiologists claim that opposites should unite in 
marriage ; others maintain that a choice of similarity is most 
adaptive ; while a third class, occupying a position between the 
other two, have taught that one should be the "complement" of 
the other, whatever that may mean. None of these systems is 
founded upon the mental adaptation of the parties concerned. 
The truth is, that a good degree of similarity is necessary among 
the higher faculties, the Moral and Intellectual, and also in the 
Domestic Propensities. The only faculties requiring a difference 
are those of the Selfish Sentiments and Selfish Propensities. In 
most of these excess or deficiency is best mated with an ordinary 
development of the organ, while an average development will 
harmonize with either extreme. 

In determining the Vital and Motive Temperaments these 
two classes of organs, with Amativeness, have great influence, 
while other faculties are not so powerful. Temperamental 
adaptation is therefore valuable chiefly as an indication of 
harmony among the Selfish Sentiments and Selfish Propensities. 

From our analysis of mental adaptation it would appear that 
a strong Motive element should be mated with average; and 
that where its physical characteristics are comparatively unde- 
veloped, the choice should be that of a full, though not strongly 
marked development. 

In the Vital Temperament a larger number of its character- 
istic faculties require similarity, and a marked degree of that 



60 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

element should unite with a development somewhat above 
average. Where the Vital Temperament is weak a conjugal mate 
should possess an average or full development of its class of phys- 
ical organs. 

The predominant faculties of the Mental Temperament 
require similarity, and such should be its choice, though it is 
sometimes best for sake of offspring to make a different selection, 
a strong Mental Temperament uniting with full, and a weak 
with average. 

From these elemental adaptations the adaptations of the 
Compound Temperaments may be found. As no two persons 
are precisely alike in Temperament, it would be folly to attempt 
a further analysis with a view to making a concise statement of 
the adaptations of each Temperament. 

We therefore leave the reader to study his own mental 
peculiarities, and to discover for himself the temperamental 
combination most in harmony with his own. 

Note. — After reading this work you will, no doubt, wish to know more 
of this beautiful science, Phrenology. You will want to learn your peculiar- 
ities, your adaptation to business, how you may make yourself more nearly 
perfect, how to secure success in life, how to know the character of others by 
observing their facial expression and cranial development, and how to win 
the good will, esteem, and love of your associates. This work, treating of 
matrimony alone, is confessedly incomplete as an expositor of the science of 
Phrenology. A card addressed to Fowler & Wells Co., 775 Broadway, N. Y., 
will secure a list of valuable works on that subject. 




LOVE. 

RUE love is but a humble, low-born thing, 
And hath its food served up in earthen ware; 
It is a thing to walk with, hand in hand, 
Through the every-dayness of this work-day worlds 
Baring its tender feet to every roughness, 
Yet letting not one heart-beat go astray 
From Beauty's law of plainness and content ; 

A simple, fireside thing, whose quiet smile 

Can warm earth's poorest hovel to a home; 

Which, when our autumn cometh, as it must, 

And life in the chill wind shivers bare and leafless, 

Shall still be blest with Indian summer youth 

In bleak November, and, with thankful heart, 

Smile on its ample store of garnered fruit, 

As full of sunshine to our aged eyes 

As when it nursed the blossoms of our spring. 

Such is true Love, which steals into the heart 

With feet as silent as the lightsome dawn 

That kisses smooth the rough brows of the dark, 

And hath its will through blissful gentleness, — 

Not like a rocket, which, with savage glare, 

Whirs suddenly up, then bursts, and leaves the night 

Painfully quivering on the dazed ey«-s ; 

A love that gives and takes, that seeth faults, 

Not with flaw -seeking eyes like needle points, 

But loving-kindly ever looks them down 

With the o'ercoming faith of meek forgiveness ; 

A love that shall b ■ i ^w and fresh each hour, 

As is the golden mystery of sunset, 

Or the sweet coming of the evening star, 

Alike, and yet most unlike every day 

And seeming ever best and fairest now ; 

A love that doth not kneel for what it seeks, 

But faces Truth and Beauty as their peer, 

Showing its worthiness of noble thoughts 

By a clear sense of inward nobleness; 

A love that in its object findeth not 

All grace and beauty, and enough to sate 
61 



62 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

Its thirst of blessing, but, in all of good 
Found there, it sees but Heaven-granted types 
Of good and beauty in the soul of man, 
And traces, in the simplest heart that beats, 
A family likeness to its chosen one, 
That claims of it the right of brotherhood, 
For love is blind but with the fleshly eye, 
That so its inner sight may be more clear; 
And outward shows of beauty only so 
Are needful at the first, as is a hand 
To guide and to uphold an infant's steps ; 
Great spirits need them not : their earnest look 
Pierces the body's mask of their disguise, 
And beauty ever is to them revealed, 
Behind the unshapeliest, meanest lump of clay, 
With arms outstretched and eager face ablaze, 
Yearning to be but understood and loved. 

— Jaines Russell Lowell. 



APART. 

OMETIME I think you will be glad to know 

That I have ever kept you in my heart, 

And that my love has only deeper grown 

In all the time that we have lived apart. 

Some day, when you have slipped away from care, 

And idly fall to dreaming of the past, 
And sadly think of all your life has missed, 

You will remember my true love at last. 

Or it may come to pass, some dreary night, 

After a day that has been hard to bear, 
When you are weary, heart-sick and forlorn, 

And there is none to comfort or to care, 

That you will close your tired eyes to dream 

Of tender kisses, falling soft and light, 
Of restful touches, smoothing back your hair, 

And sweet words spoken for your heart's delight. 

Oh! then you will remember and be glad 

That I have kept you ever in my heart, 
And that your heart's true home will still be there, 

Although we wander, silent and apart. 

— Unidentified. 



LOVE AND PEAE — ENDYMION. 63 

LOVE AND FEAR. 

. HE low and tremulous voice of love, 

Jcy^ The gentle pressure of the hand, 
(cT"e) The loving look and loving act, 

Which only lovers understand ; — 
All these have bound my heart to thine 
With ties most sacred and divine. 
Yet Fate may bid us dwell apart; 

Our lives may sad and silent be, 

Till welcome Death shall set us free, 
To meet in Heaven, heart to heart. 



ENDYMION. 

HE rising moon has hid the stars ; 
Her level rays, like golden bars, 
(cjte Lie on the landscape green, 

With shadows brown between. 

And silver white the river gleams 
As if Diana, in her dreams, 

Had dropt her silver bow 

Upon the meadows low. 

On such a tranquil night as this, 

She woke Endymion with a kiss, 

When, sleeping in the grove, 

He dreamed not of her love. 

Like Diana's kiss, unasked, unsought, 
Love gives itself, but is not bought ; 

Nor voice, nor sound betrays 

Its deep, impassioned gaze. 

It comes, — the beautiful, the free, 
The crown of all humanity, — 

In silence and alone 

To seek the elected one. 

It lifts the boughs, whose shadows deep, 
Are Life's oblivion, the soul's sleep, 
And kisses the closed eyes 
Of him, who slumbering lies. 



64 MATRIMONIAL ADAPTATION. 

O weary hearts ! O slumbering eyes ! 
O drooping souls, whose destinies 

Are fraught with fear and pain, 

Ye shall be loved again ! 

No one is so accursed by fate, 
No one so utterly desolate, 

But some heart, though unknown, 

Responds unto bis own. 

Responds, — as if with unseen wings, 
An angel touched its quivering strings ; 
And whispers, in its song, 
" Where hast thou stayed so long? " 

— Longfellow. 



SONNET. 

i'VE thought, if those dumb, heathen gods could breathe 
As shapeless, strengthless, wooden things they stand, , 
And feel the holy incense round them wreathe, 
And see before them offerings of the land ; 
And know that unto them is worship paid 

From pure hearts, kneeling on the verdant sod, 
Looking to helplessness for light and aid, 

Because by fate they know no higher god : 
How their dull hearts must ache with constant pain, 

And sense of shame, and fear to be flung down 
When all their weakness must one day be plain, 

And fire avenge the undeserved crown, 
And reading my love's letter, sad and sweet, I sigh 
Knowing that such a helpless, wooden god am I. 

— Unidentified*.. 



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